OMG HISTORY OF COLOSSUS OF RHODES

The Colossus of Rhodes

The Colossus of Rhodes was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the most ambitious and tallest statue of the Hellenistic period. The last of the seven wonders to be completed, it was a statue built to thank the gods for victory over an invading enemy. Bearing a striking resemblance to the Statue of Liberty in the United States, the Colossus of Rhodes stood for less than sixty years before being destroyed by an earthquake.  Some mystery remains as to where it was really located and what happened after it was destroyed.

Since ancient times, the small Greek island of Rhodes has been a main intersection between the Aegean and the Mediterranean seas, and was an important economic center in the ancient world. The capital city, also named Rhodes, was built in 408 BC and was designed to take advantage of the island's best natural harbor on the northern coast. In 357 BC the island was conquered by Mausolus of Halicarnassus but fell into Persian hands in 340 BC and was finally captured by Alexander the Great in 332 BC. 

In the late fourth century BC, Rhodes allied with Ptolemy I of Egypt against their common enemy, Antigonus I Monophthalmus of Macedonia. In 305 BC, Antigonus sent his son Demetrius to capture and punish the city of Rhodes for its alliance with Egypt. He attacked the island with 40,000 men and weapons and started a war which lasted a year. A relief force of ships sent by Ptolemy arrived in 304 BC, and Antigonus’ army abandoned the siege, leaving behind most of their siege equipment. To celebrate their victory, the Rhodians sold the equipment and decided to use the money to build a huge statue, to their sun god, Helios, called the Colossus of Rhodes. Nearly as tall as the iconic Statue of Liberty built 2,000 years later, the Colossus In the late fourth century BC, Rhodes allied with Ptolemy I of Egypt against their common enemy, Antigonus I Monophthalmus of Macedonia. In 305 BC, Antigonus sent his son Demetrius to capture and punish the city of Rhodes for its alliance with Egypt. He attacked the island with 40,000 men and weapons and started a war which lasted a year. A relief force of ships sent by Ptolemy arrived in 304 BC, and Antigonus’ army abandoned the siege, leaving behind most of their siege equipment. To celebrate their victory, the Rhodians sold the equipment and decided to use the money to build a huge statue, to their sun god, Helios, called the Colossus of Rhodes. Nearly as tall as the iconic Statue of Liberty built 2,000 years later, the Colossus was also erected as a celebration of freedom. 

The Colossus of Rhodes was a statue of superhuman proportions. It stood over 107 feet (30 meters) high, making it one of the largest statues in the ancient world; the thigh alone was supposedly 11 feet (3 meters) in width, the ankle 5 feet (1.5 meters) in length. 

     Colossal statues, then and now. Left,          illustration of the Colossus of Rhodes   in ancient Greece, and right, the Statue of      Liberty of the United States of America.                       (Public Domain) 

Today, nobody’s exactly sure how the Colossus of Rhodes looked or what its posture was.  The only thing for certain is that it did not stand with its legs stretched across the harbor entrance as depicted in many medieval drawings.  If the completed statue had straddled the harbor, the entire mouth of the harbor would have been effectively closed during the entirety of the construction.

Who knows Nathaniel Baldwin

Nathaniel Baldwin was the inventor of an improved telephonic earphone, amongst many other inventions, and a supporter of the early fundamentalist movement Baldwin then worked at remote hydroelectric plants at the Snake Creek near Heber City and in East Mill Creek Canyon.   

was also electrician and air compressor operator while he experimented with sound amplification using compressed air. He used this to invent more sensitive receivers, which he made into the first modern headphones in 1910 and sold to the U.S. Navy. His first ones were made by hand in his kitchen and, despite the Navy's suggestion, never patented because he considered their invention "trivial."

(OMG) HE IS GIVE WONDERFUL INVENTION:

hear phone . 1895 – Thanks to the Electrophone system, in 1895 folks could start rocking out to the sick beats of the local opera house from the comfort of their own home. Subscribers to the pricey service would listen through headphones that looked more like stethoscopes than a modern offering as very large people produced very big sound on a stage miles away. 

1910 – Nathaniel Baldwin began manufacturing the first modern headphones. He crafted them in his kitchen and sold them all to the U.S. Navy. This was the first time a pair of cans resembled something you’d see today. Baldwin never patented them, however, because he was an idiot. 

In 1914, Baldwin started a business in East Millcreek, Utah called The Baldwin Radio Company. He powered the plant and the neighborhood through a hydroelectric generator which he made out of bicycle wheels and piano wire. The company peaked at 150 employees and $2 million in annual sales in the 1920s. One legend tells that Philo Farnsworth built his first television in Baldwin's factory.

2001 – The iPod changed up the whole music universe. It became common to see people with a white cord running from their pocket to their ears multiple times a day. From their inception in 2001 to today, over 300 million iPods have been sold all with the accompanying pair of earbuds. 

OMG Now users in ear phone 

334 million

The number of headphones/headsets sold worldwide has increased from 236 million in 2013 to an estimate of 334 million in 2016. Feb 19, 2020 

 (THAT EAR PHONE ARE USING VEARY   MACH IN LOVERS.)

 

Black magic started Europe's most brutal witch hunts.

Why were women burnt as witchea? 

People who questioned the teachings of the christian church in the medieval ages were branded as 'heretics' and were often sentenced to death. The pope even set up a special court for this in 1234,called the inquisition. At the end of the medieval age, monks claimed that there were women, in alliance with the devil, who could cast 'evilspells' and were responsible for diseases and failed crops. Many people believed this, and when there was a crop failure, they tried to find some witch to blame.If they thought that a witch had been found, she was burnt at the stake. 

In the 1590s, King James I of Scotland's fear of witchcraft began stirring up national panics, resulting in the torture and death of thousands.

Witches at the stake were thought to be 'clearly' in alliance with the devil, who in the shape of a bird having a tail like a snake would try to abduct them. 

OMG HISTORY OF MUMMYS

What is a mummy? 

The Egyptians believed that after death, the soul would wander in the world. for this reason, the dead body must be maintained. This was done by the process

of mummification. Embalmers took out the internal organs and dried the body. They then made the skin flexible by applying oil and gave back the body its shape by filling it with sawdust and winding it with linen straps. Only the pharaohs and the rich could afford this. All the others were buriedin the desert Ernesto Schiaparelli.

The word 'mummy' often makes us think about the tightly wound dead Egyptian pharaohs in painted coffins. Although the Egyptian mummies are the most famous they have been found in many places throughout the world. Even the lncas, the ancient chinese, and the persians sometimes embalmed their dead, so that their bodies could not decay. sometimes the bodies remained well preserved over thousands of years naturally.

They got stiffened in the frost and never thawed later. These bodies were in a way 'freeze-dried'.OMG 5300-years-old ' Otzi,' which was discovered by the mountaineers in 199 in the Otztal Alps on the border of Austria and italy, is one such natural mummy. Even today, the dead are embalmed for posterity.

Come to the OMG HISTORY

Who found the first mummy?

Princess Ahmose was buried in tomb QV47 in the Valley of the Queens. Her mummy was discovered by Ernesto Schiaparelli during his excavations from 1903-1905. AhmoseI's mummy was discovered in 1881 within the Deir el-Bahri Cache. His name was later found written in hieroglyphs when the mummy was unwrapped.By the 4th dynasty (about 2600 BC) Egyptian embalmers began to achieve "true mummification" through a process of

evisceration. Much of this early experimentation with mummification in Egypt is unknown.The first mummy to be discovered in South Africa was found in the Baviaanskloof Wilderness Area by Dr. Johan Binneman in 1999. Nicknamed Moses, the mummy was estimated to be around OMG 2,000 years old.

OMG HISTORY OF NATIONAL PARKS

Since when do we have national parks?

In 1872 Lincoln's former general, President Ulysses S. Grant, made Yellowstone America's—and the world's—first truly national park. More parks soon followed suitand, beginning in the late 19th century,cultural sites like Arizona's prehistoric Casa Grande were honored as well

The 19th century saw the emergence of a general concern to protect the wonders of 

nature. The first protected areas were set up.

The yellowstone National park, the world's first protected area, was established in 1872 in the middle of the Rocky Mountains. Here,

an attempt was made to retain the unique

diverse flora and faunaThis idea was soon adopted by Canada,Australia,and New Zealand, who also converted extraordinary habitats into national parks or wildlife sanctuaries.OMG Today, there are around 4000 national parks in 120 countries. 

Who invented the calendar?

Why use calendar in Stone Age?

Stone Age communal leaders – potentially including Shamans – may also have used the calendar to givethemselves the appearance of being able to predict or control the seasons or the behaviour of the moon and the sun.

Let's coming to the point:

During the Stone Age, humans observed how the equinoxes ( 21 March and 22 september) repeated year after year. Later, many races oriented themselves to the lunar year. Later, many races oriented themselves to the lunar year. After twelve full moons -354 days -the year was complete and hence the lunar calendar was eleven days short of the solar calendar. The first solar calendar was created by the Egyptians. Although the start of the year did not get displaced by eleven days as in the lunar calendar, it got displaced by about a month every 120 years.To balance this anomaly, julius caesar introduced a leap year after every four years This calendar was improved by pope Gregory Xlll in 1582. 

OMG Sonic boom

What is sonic boom:

"A supersonic aircraft is one that can travel faster that the speed of sound. As the plane approaches the speed of sound, it catches up with the sound waves traveling in front ofit and pushes them up against each other. The result is a barrier of squashed air in front of the aircraft 

When an aircraft travels at subsonic speed, the pressure disturbances, or sounds, that it generates extend in all directions. Because this disturbance is transmitted earthwardcontinuously to every point along the path, there are no sharp disturbances or changes of pressure. At supersonic speeds, however, the pressure field is confined to a region extending mostly to the rear and extending from the craft in a restricted widening cone (called a Mach cone). As the aircraft proceeds, the trailing parabolic edge of thatcone of disturbance intercepts the Earth, producing on Earth a sound of a sharp bang or boom. When such an aircraft flies at a low altitude, the shock wave may be of sufficientintensity to cause glass breakage and other damage. The intensity of the sonic boom isdetermined not only by the distance between the craft and the ground but also by the size and shape of the aircraft, the types of maneuvers that it makes.

The atmospheric pressure, temperature, and winds. If the aircraft is especially long, double sonic booms might be detected, one emanating from the leading edge of theplane and one from the trailing edge.

OMG physics

IF the plane is faster than the speed of sound, the air cannot "move aside" in the usual manner, as the aircraft outruns the pressure wave that would have moved thepressure wave that would have moved theair out of the way in time. This is why fastaircraft measure their speed using the Mach number to show how fast they are in relation to sound, as this becomes the mostimportant factor once you

approach M∞=1.0M∞=1.0

end effect is that a supersonic

aircraft more forceful manner, compressing andaccelerating it to its own speed. This phenomenon is commonly called the sound barrier

OMG HUMAN EAR SYSTEM AND PERCEIVE SOUND

        HOW DO WE PERCEIVE SOUND 

       

In humans and other vertebrates, hearing is performed primarily by the auditory system: mechanical waves, known as vibrations, are detected by the ear and transduced into nerve impulses that are perceived by the brain (primarily in the temporal lobe). Like touch, audition requires sensitivity to the movement of molecules in the world outside the organism.There are three main sections of our hearing system: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear (please see image above). Each section of the ear plays a role in the way we perceive sound.The authors of the research, an Italian-Australian collaboration, have also demonstrated that cyclicity also concerns the listener’s ability to classify a sound, in this case with much faster oscillations, proving how our decisions and perceptive abilities use different circuits and are regulated by different rhythmsAccording to the study, the rhythmic sampling of sensory information reflects the action of attention: when looking at a scene, some parts receive more attention than others, and these areanalysed with priority, based on an effective strategy that focuses resources on specific objects of interest.

As a side note: Omg earphone users.

 when you grow older the hearing                 sensitivities at high frequencies are             severely reduced, and even the 6 kHz range is severely affected in the elderly

Simple concept of perceive sound.

 

Sound is produced when the chords of a guitar are set in vibration .This vibratory movement then propagates in the form of waves, like the waves that arise when a stone falls in water . Waves can travel only in a medium such as water or air , but the vacuum is completely silent. sound waves compress the air. Sometimes sound compresses the air so strongly that it causes pain in the eardrum because of the high pressure of the waves.Very deep sounds propagate into the ground, and our body feels vibrations.